Legal Context of Minority Rights in Pakistan

Abstract

Minority rights in Pakistan remain a critical issue despite constitutional protections. While the country's legal framework, including Articles 20, 25, and 36 of the Constitution of Pakistan, ensures religious freedom and equality for religious minorities. Christians and Hindus, especially in Sindh, face forced conversions and attacks on their religious sites. Despite judicial interventions and some government initiatives, such as restoring religious sites and forming a National Commission for Minorities, implementation is inconsistent. The international community, including human rights organizations, has raised concerns, urging Pakistan to improve its protections for minorities. A combination of legal, social, and political factors continues to limit the ability of these groups to enjoy their rights as citizens fully. Overall, significant efforts are still required to ensure true equality, justice, and safety for religious minorities in Pakistan.