A Critical Study of Essential Prerequisites and Academic Impediments in Online Learning Modalities

Abstract

After the devastating impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a swift transition to alternative learning modalities worldwide, predominantly relying on web-based platforms. Owing to the imperative safety measures amid the precarious coronavirus situation, educators and learners found themselves compelled to adopt online modes. Educational institutions, from primary schools to universities, swiftly migrated their classes to online platforms, and even corporate and government offices embraced online engagement with their workforce. Furthermore, the evolving global climate underscores the necessity to expand online curricula towards a sustainable, reduced carbon footprint model.Notably, there has been a marked increase in the enrollment of nontraditional students, contributing to the momentum of enhanced online learning modalities in recent years. Presently, three main types of online learning modes exist: remote, hybrid, and hybrid. This study aims to explore the predominant challenges faced in online learning during the recent pandemic. A sample of 16 faculty members specializing in STEM subjects across four prestigious universities in Lahore was randomly selected for an exploratory qualitative study. Given the stringent lockdown conditions during the recent pandemic, the scope of this study may not offer a comprehensive overview of the subject. Nevertheless, it addresses the inquiry's need by tapping into the firsthand experiences of faculty members engaging with the online mode of teaching and learning. The results highlight that despite the opportunity to explore and adopt new technologies, educators encountered substantial challenges during online classes, surpassing the benefits. Issues such as inadequate arrangements and the unavailability of essential resources were significant impediments. The sudden onset of the pandemic placed the entire educational, corporate, and institutionalized interactive setup in a challenging predicament.