Muslim-Sikh Dialogue: A Comparative Study of the Teachings of Baba Farid and Baba Nanak

Abstract

Sikhism, rooted in its fervent belief in the oneness of God, exhibits a close affinity with monotheistic religions such as Islam, which, despite its origin elsewhere, became an integral part of the Indian cultural fabric. Similarly, certain rituals within Sikhism showcase a profound connection with Hinduism, a religion that originated and flourished in India. Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, received education from both Hindu and Muslim teachers. His learning encompassed not only the mysteries of both religions but also their practical dimensions. During his extensive travels, he encountered many followers of Baba Farid. Subsequently, as Sikhism evolved into a distinct religion, the works of Farid were incorporated into the Adi Granth, the sacred book of Sikhs. The birth of Sikhism sparked discussions not only among the general populace but also within academic circles. Scholars grappled with the question of whether Sikhism was an entirely new religion or a synthesis of Islam and Hinduism. While these debates spurred new research in the field of religious studies, they also led to divisions among scholars, fostering a culture of polemics. Unfortunately, this emphasis on polemics resulted in a neglect of the crucial subjects of interfaith dialogue and interreligious harmony. By examining previous works on the subject and delving into the teachings of Baba Farid and Baba Nanak as interpreted by followers of both religions, this study argues that, as proponents of love, peace, and humanity, they advocate for dialogue rather than polemics. Their teachings offer a framework for interfaith dialogue that promotes brotherhood and mutual harmony.